Home Notes Papers

Arrangement of elements

Paper 1Paper 2Paper 3Paper 4

This topic is examined in Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3, and Paper 4.

Trends Across a Period (Left to Right)
As you move across a period:

  1. Metallic Character: Decreases. Elements become less metallic and more non-metallic.
  2. Oxide Nature: Changes from basic (metal oxides, e.g., Na_2O) to amphoteric (e.g., Al_2O_3) to acidic (non-metal oxides, e.g., SO_3).
  3. Atomic Radius: Decreases. The proton number increases, pulling the same number of shells closer to the nucleus.

Key Boundary: The transition from metal to non-metal happens around Group 14/15. Silicon (Group 14) is a metalloid.

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